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thumbnail Alexander Ivanovich Chuprov (Александр Иванович Чупров; 1841–1908) was a professor of political economy and statistics at Moscow University whose lectures provided the standard introduction to economics for late 19th-century Russian students. Chuprov's father was an Orthodox priest based in Mosalsk. Alexander attended the Law Department of the Moscow University where he became interested in Wilhelm Roscher's research. He founded the Moscow Society to Disseminate Technical Knowledge in 1869 and was elected into the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1887. Chuprov has been described as the founder of transport economics and the multiple-factor analysis of economic regions.〔(Soviet Historical Encyclopaedia )〕 In his landmark work ''The Railway Economy'' (1875–78) he analyzed statistics on railway traffic. He distinguished one region from another according to "the value of the market, the cost of transportation, and demographic indicators".〔Quoted from: ''Russian Empire: Space, People, Power, 1700–1930''. Indiana University Press, 2007. Page 132.〕 Chuprov became known as "the heart and soul" of zemstvo stastistical investigations and sample surveys in the Russian Empire.〔Esther Kingston-Mann. ''In Search of the True West: Culture, Economics, and Problems of Russian Development''. Princeton University Press, 1999. Page 129.〕 His researchers are said to have interviewed 4.5 million Russian muzhiks. Their mission was to provide a modern statistical description of the Russian peasant commune, or obschina. Chuprov viewed the Russian obshchina as a valuable social institution which should be preserved. Chuprov was a lifelong friend of another prominent statistician, Ivan Yanzhul. His son Alexander A. Chuprov (1874–1926) is said to have given "much impetus to statistics in pre-revolutionary Russia".〔E. Seneta. ''A Sketch of the History of Survey Sampling in Russia''. // Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Vol. 148, No 2, 1985. Page 118.〕 == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alexander Ivanovich Chuprov」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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